iCloud & iCloud Photos · iCloud storage space and plans
Does my iPhone's iCloud backup take up space on my Mac?
Short answer: No. iCloud backups live in iCloud and count against your iCloud plan. Only local backups made through Finder use your Mac's disk — manage those with Manage Backups when the device is selected in Finder.
No. An iCloud backup of your iPhone or iPad is stored in iCloud and counts against your iCloud plan, not your Mac's disk.
What does use space on your Mac is a local backup — one made by connecting the device and backing it up in Finder. Those can be large. To manage them, connect the device, select it in Finder's sidebar, and click Manage Backups to see and delete old ones.
If you keep local backups and space is tight, check Storage Studio's What's Using Space to see how big they are before deciding what to remove.